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Here is my 2012 short list:
Looking forward to another great year.
If the redirect is done correctly then you won't be penalized. Use a 301. And yes, you should absolutely do it.
We have seen a lot of shifting and movement in the search engines as of late. So I am curious as to what people are setting their sights on for 2012. And perhaps a top 3 would be appreciated. This is Internet Marketing goals, therefore SEO, Social Media, PPC, all count.
Link Building? Schema.org? Facebook optimization?
And try to be a little more specific like URL rewrites instead of just On-Site SEO.
As I understand it, the .XXX TLDs are pushing for exclusive adult use. Therefore if your site has no adult content then you may be in violation of the terms for that TLD.
As Ryan stated, the search engines have no real prefrence to the TLDs, except for in the fact that the users trust them more. Therefore, your CTRs will be higher, which in turn would effect your rankings. When possible .com is the best for most websites.
The .co's have a benefit of being shorter, but they have a huge downside for being too similiar to the .com and that they are not yet widely recognized. Put a .co on the side of service truck and the majority of people are bound to think that you simply forgot the 'm' for the .com.
Any website that gives you a profile to fill out can be used to create a citation. Simply apply your Name, address, phone number to your profile and you have a citation.
Bingo Kerri. It's now public for everyone.
I've found that the SEO community here is very giving. Rand in particular has answered several of my emails and requests personally. It appears that he will be helping you out, so I don't think I can much here. It's amazing what simply reaching out and asking for help will do for you.
It also appears that this page, which is now public, does not link to your site. So hopefully with permission of Rand and the community, here is a little contribution to your cause: Down syndrome families
Hope that helps. Looking forward to seeing your cause move forward.
Time. You will need to have time under your belt in order for google to really establish a winner. If the other sites beat you to the punch then you will have to prove to Google that you deserve to be above them. I've seen sites that simply gained "authority" first and no amount of SEO would debunk them.
If webmaster tools likes the old one then I wouldn't rock the boat. I don't think you are going to have any problems with having 2 site maps. But I've never toyed with this one.
If Bing is running the Yahoo search results then it seems to me the ranks for both Bing and Yahoo should be the same. So why are my SEOmoz ranking reports showing different positions for each?
There are many search terms that only require a handful of links to bump you to #1, so I wouldn't gawk at the 10 -15 links. 5 relevant in content links will do more than 10,000 crappy directory links.
You can get permission from Google, in which case it would not be illegal. ...But they don't just give permission away freely.
I agree with Egol. Conversion rate would be a deciding factor.
Current position and ease of improving that position would also be a factor. Cost of maintaining a position should also be considered.
If all things were equal and you are looking at pure traffic numbers...
Keyword A - 3,000 at 19% = 570
Keyword B - 20,000 at 7% = 1400
Go for Keyword B.
How are these pages generating traffic? Are they being found in the search engine?
The real question, do these pages have links to them?
There is little value to a 301 redirect if you are not moving link traffic in the direction you are pointing. If you are out ranking the original content, then perhaps a 301 could help. How well does the original content rank?
Apart from the easier to remember, the link used without the AJAX is being redirected to the AJAX url. So would it theoretically have less juice if it's hitting a redirect?
So if I am linking to someone's twitter account should I use the ajax code #! or not?
http://twitter.com**/#!/**thos003 vs http://twitter.com/thos003
Bonus Question:
I have also seen in the past that google splits a domain that has as a secure protocol.
https://twitter.com vs http://twitter.com
Does does that split link juice?
Yes. It should pass the link and you should get credit. But the value seems to be decreased. You will get the most credit if the content is still valid.
@Zachary
Hmm... good strategy on the redirect them to a competitor. I think I shall buy some just for that laugh! 
... Thanks for reading my profile. I understand as a business owner that insurance is both good and necessarily. But I don't particularly like extortion, which is what this feels like. I hate malpractice insurance and I'm not even a doctor.
Further, I have a feeling that the .XXX's won't be showing up in safe search. Still have not got response from Matt Cutts on that but Duane Forrester believes that Bing will not be showing them. So why should I bother? What good is a viral piece done on a .XXX if the links are worthless and the domain doesn't show up in the searches?