Welcome to the Q&A Forum

These are directives for the crawlers, so I assume it will still work.

OSE is not an end all be all for links. They only gather a certain number links and data.

You're already using screaming frog to get this data, so that should be accurate. You can also check Google Webmaster Tools, which has a section called "Internal Links".

HARO shouldn't be your main link building strategy.

For me, I get the three mailings a day and typically reply to a request once a week or even none. One key success for using HARO is to make sure you actually have data and expertise when answering requests. Don't just answer them in hopes of getting a link, reporters/writers get boatloads of answers and if your answer isn't good enough they'll just move on to the next one.

Be specific and very detail oriented when sending out pitches. Those are the ones that get the highest response/success rate.

Won't make a difference unless its within the body (my opinion).

I would also take note that the testimonials on your work/project page shouldn't be the bulk of the content on those pages. If they are just in a fixed location, that should be fine. Plus if they only appear the testimonial and work/project page, I wouldn't worry about it too much.

Google's fairly well at understanding pagination. You can either rel=canonical, rel next/prev or just simply leave them alone.

As for categories, i'd leave them as is, since you would typically want your categories to rank for the category keyword.

I thought Roger was a male.

Keywords can be tied to a URL by either if it ranks or is the best matching URL for that keyword.

Noindexed pages should not appear in your "Index Status". I could be wrong but it doesn't make sense to appear there if the page is noindexed.

Doing a site:www.nyc-officespace-leader.com, I get 849 results. Seems normal to me. Again you would probably have to scrutinize your sitemap instead, sitemaps don't always pull all the URLs depending how on you get them.

Based on Screaming Frog, you got about 860 pages and ~200 noindexed pages. Your index status may update eventually.

Its working as is anyway, http://www.nyc-officespace-leader.com/blog/tag/manhattan-office-space

Does not show up in SERPs. I wouldn't use Index Status as definitive but more as directional.

Index status is how many pages Google has indexed of your site.

Sitemap is different, incase your site has pages that are too deep for Google to find, sitemaps are created as a way to direct Googlebot to crawl pages that they won't necessarily find.

In your case Google indexed more pages than the amount of pages in your sitemap, which is absolutely normal.

Page Title is correct in all ways.

Browser Title is for the people that don't live/work in your industry.

Thats how I choose.

There isn't a major negative effect when using canonicals even when they are not needed. Some CMS use sitewide canonicals to easier tackle duplicate URLs. So if a base URL is using parameters, the CMS might have been setup to follow back to the canonical URL.

A quick example would be: view-source:http://www.expedia.com/

Its true they are a strong hint but when the domains are not the same, the canonical tag will not work as well as you would think.

I've attempted this personally and it didn't work that well.

The canonical tags as mentioned by Kingof5 is directional. Google can still do whatever it wants.

Preferably you should canonical the duplicate pages to the original but that may cause one to not be indexed. That still may help as the authority from the other site will be forwarded (theoretically) to your canonical page.

But yes, it is a dream.

I wouldn't worry too much about it. Google can tell what a sitemap looks like. If it bothers you, you can remove it from WMT. I don't believe you can put meta data that Google follows in an XML file.

Yes, you will gradually start ranking better assuming you continue to optimize. Unless you are one of the authority sites in your space, it will take time to rank.

Depends what kind of DNS manager you are using. A redirect via DNS can still be possible.

In my experience DNS managing software can redirect users with 301 or 302 headers depending on what settings you have. If your DNS manager has a security protocol along with redirect rules, it could be causing the issue.

Examples of DNS redirects:

https://dnsimple.com/url-forwarding-301-redirect

https://support.cloudflare.com/hc/en-us/articles/200172286-How-do-I-do-url-forwarding-with-CloudFlare-

I would not be surprised if this was done by your DNS. If you use a DNS manager, they could possibly redirect certain users or IPs based on patterns of visits.

I suggest finding out more about any server configurations from the admin and seeing who they use as a DNS provider or manager.

Yes, this would be different URLs. As Rishi mentioned if it returns a 200 status it is a different URL.

It may be worth looking at those values and adding canonical tags or making sure your URLs are always filling in properly. i.e. value1 is always before value2.

You should be fine. As long as the other site took it down, you will be ok.

Referring pages is the amount of pages (URLS) pointing to your site.

Total backlinks is the total amount of links you have to your site.

Example: 10 pages have 2 links to your site.
Referring Pages: 10
Total Backlinks: 20

Finally got a chance to look at the Moz algorithm update and it seems Penguin 2.0 was just around that time. So it could be that you were affected by your backlinks and if you've disavowed them, the original value those links carried...no longer carry any weight.