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Actually, I looked with Screaming Frog, and I can see where the error is. (One part, anyway.) Look in your header. The linking for the phone number and email there is odd.

Judging by the screenshot, these are 4xx errors from your Moz crawl, yes? If you look on that spreadsheet in column AM, "Referrer" it will show you the referrer of those URLs. Look at those pages to see where the errors came from.

My guess is that these are being generated by your own website. This type of thing can happen if there is some confusion with absolute and relative URLs and the wrong form is being input somewhere.

You could rewrite them to combine all of the information on one of the pages, then 301 redirect the other one to the new, improved combined page.

If you did a 301 redirect, you do not need a canonical. If I were to use a canonical, I would use the https://www version, since you had the www before.

No, I do not know when they update, sorry. (But we are only a few days into December, so they might just not have their data for November compiled quite yet.)

You could try searching a past month where you know it went from being warm to cold and snowy and see what the traffic change looked like then, just to give you a general idea.

You can get monthly search volume through Google Adwords Keyword Planner, where you can filter by date range. You can even compare to the previous month or the same month last year. (You have to have an Adwords account, but it doesn't cost anything to get one if you don't already have it.)

When I put your site into Open Site Explorer, I do not see any backlinks at all. I see 12 in Majestic (with a zero trust flow) and three in SEMRush. Google cosiders links to be very important, so I'd think that this could be your problem. Here is a webmasterworld discussion on the topic of ranking on Bing/Yahoo but not Google.

Google's ranking factors are designed to improve the user experience [or so they say ], but a lot of them are definitely subjective ["Would you trust the information presented in this article?" for instance], so yes, it is sometimes hard to know exactly how to make that improvement.

But linking to a random high-rank site will not improve the user experience--the site has to be relevant. If you are writing on a very niche topic, there may not be a very high-rank site that is very relevant. Linking to a good (even if not super high rank) site that is very relevant will create an association for Google between that good site and its relevant content and your page, which is a positive thing. Google is looking at many quality signals at the same time and no single SEO "rule" can really apply equally in all situations.

[You might find this article interesting. The author has gathered a list of "known" Panda factors and where they were found (not the slickest piece you have ever seen but food for thought--a lot of comments as well).]

What I find frustrating sometimes is that I'll go to look at the page where the link is supposed to be and it's not there. Crawlers don't update in real time, I'm afraid...

I wouldn't add an external link for the sake of an external link, but if I were writing about something and I thought that perhaps some of my readers could benefit from some background or additional information, I'd link to it, rather than making my article unnecessarily long and complex. A "trusted source" would be one that you, as an expert, trust. It should be a good-quality site but does not have to have rankings like Wikipedia.

As far as opening links in a new window, this is not considered to be a good thing. The user should be in charge of their browsing experience and should have the option to open a new tab or window only if they choose to. (An exception to this would be if there is some reason you need both pages open--say you are referring to content on another page and going through it step-by-sep, for example.)

Did you put your website in Open Site Explorer and see if that link can be seen there? That will give you the information you want. If you don't see it there, you can try a google site search— site:yourcompetitor.com yoursite.com and see if that turns up the link.

Answer questions in Quora or another popular forum that is related to your area of expertise. That can start to get you noticed if you do a very good job.

Under campaign settings you can choose to track all sites at your domain; a subdomain; or a subfolder. (It's under Site Basics on the Campaign Settings page.) Check to be sure that you have "Include all sites at the domain" selected.

I ignore those junk links. I figure that Google is pretty clear that disavow tool is only for extreme cases. ["In most cases, Google can assess which links to trust without additional guidance, so most normal or typical sites will not need to use this tool."]

That being said, I do notice that many people talk about routinely disavowing low-quality links even when there is no penalty in play. It seems to me that that in itself could create an unnatural link profile—after all, if you just let your link growth happen naturally, you'd have those types of links accumulating.

I too would be interested in hearing more about what people choose to do (or not) about bad links that arrive uninvited...

You could do a search using site:domain.com and see what (if any) pages Google has indexed for the site; if there are none, that is a bad sign.

You could also put the domain's URL in Open Site Explorer and take a quick look at the types of links the site has. (I myself have the Moz toolbar installed in my browser so when I go to a site I can quickly get an idea of its authority.)

Yes, in your example Inpatient is inside the h1.

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When I went to look at that suspect site the page said it had been suspended, so you are certainly right about the suspect part. What I have seen sometimes when I start getting a lot of referral traffic from an unknown site is that the site is taking my content and putting it up on their site, links and all, presumably for the sake of ad space they are selling on their site.

Yes, the question is a bit unclear. H tags (which are not meta elements) are used in the body of your page to indicate headings of sections, with h1 being the most important. Usually the style of the h tag is defined in the CSS, but sometimes people do use inline styles like this: <h1 style="color:red; text-align:center;">Centered red text</h1>.

This is still an h1 tag, and the text will be red and centered. If you want to change the style, for example <h1 style="color:blue; text-align:left;">Left-aligned blue text</h1>, you will not affect the SEO of the page, only the appearance. Search engines do pay attention to h tags (particularly h1) so you will want to keep that, even if you edit the style.