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He's got the right idea, you shouldn't be serving these pages (unless you have a specific reason to).  The problem is these index pages are returning with a status code of 200 OK, so Google assumes it's fine to index them.  These pages should either come back with a 404 or a 403 (forbidden), and users then wouldn't be able to browse your site with these directory pages.

Disallowing in robots.txt may not immediately remove these from search results, you may get that lovely description underneath the results that says, "A description for this result is not available because of this site's robots.txt".

Sure thing!  If you have more questions, don't hesitate to ask.  I think this is the right way to go... at least try this first and see how it goes before duplicating campaigns.

Still working on getting ours, but our Google rep (for Adwords) said we first needed to fill this form out, and get our page verified.

The whole idea behind Google adding bid adjustments, mobile targeted ads, and mobile only parameters on destination URLs is to allow you to consolidate your desktop and mobile campaigns.  To view performance for a campaign by device, go to the "Segment" droplist in the web interface, and choose "Device".  This will break down your statistics between Computers, Mobile Devices with full browsers, and Tablets with full browsers.  If that's a pain for you (if you have lots of campaigns), then doing what you said and breaking them out into their own campaigns might be better for you.

Excel and Adwords Editor.  Excel to make sense of the massive amount of data that you can take out of your account, and Editor to help speed up making changes and creating new campaigns.

We've been using Adroll for a few years now, and I can say we're very happy with them.  Their performance is on-par with Google Adwords.  We're now using them also to get our retargeting ads into Facebook (including in news feed ads), and we're seeing good results from those.  You can't set those up without an ad partner, so it was nice for us that that relationship already existed.

Adroll, vs. any other company I've worked for in the online advertising space, has the best reps I've ever worked with.  They get back to me the same day when I write to them, with detailed intelligent responses.  They take appropriate and timely actions to make optimizations in our account.

As far as I know, none of the retargeting platforms are completely self service which in general I strongly prefer.  With Adroll, I don't mind as much, as the reps are so responsive.

Also, I met with their head of product not too long ago, and they have some really cool things in their pipeline over there that I think will contribute even more to our success through their platform.

To add to SpyderTrap's answer, within Adroll you can choose to retarget through Facebook.  It's very clear in the interface and with your reps whether you're doing Facebook retargeting or standard display retargeting.  Adroll supports dynamic retargeting, so you can retarget people based on pages or actions they've done on your site, using display OR Facebook retargeting.

The reps at Adroll are the best I've worked with across any vendor, and I'd highly recommend them.

We're just in the process of getting our first iPad app live, so I don't have experience with this yet, but will a month from now.  It didn't look like Facebook had app download tracking when I created an app download ad, but when I wrote in to them, their support told me they have their own Facebook SDK that should allow for this.  We've integrated the Adwords SDK into our app to track downloads from Adwords.  We're also setting up the Google Analytics SDK, but I don't really know what to expect in terms of referral data (if any).

Also, back at WWDC, I heard Apple hinted at more advanced analytics coming soon to the app store, so I'm hoping that'll include some interesting things like referral and download data.

No problem!  We had the same spam problem on a form many years ago, and this reduced the spam submissions to zero.  Hopefully it'll work for you too!

If you want to do it yourself, I highly recommend Optimizely.  You can find a lot of resources around the web on tests to try, and with Optimizely, you can implement them yourself.  I use it everyday, and implementing and running tests is a breeze.

They also interviewed me and put me on their blog awhile back.

One thing you can try is put a few empty fields on the form that are hidden by CSS, and have names that are irresistible to bots (i.e. "name", "email", "comment").  If the form is submitted and any of these field values are not null, don't commit the submission to the database.  The bots will see the hidden fields because they aren't rendering the page.  It'll only take a little work from your devs.

The above solution should catch most (if not all) bots, and won't have any impact on real users or your conversion rate (the post Kyle references isn't kidding around, captchas are hard for users).

Yes, you could do this.  Googlebot almost always comes from the US (I've seen it come from Canada before), so Google will probably only see your US content, and use that in SERPs around the world.  An ideal set up for this would be doing geo-based redirects to distinct URLs depending on the locations. To keep from having duplicate content, you can set up rel=alternate hreflang.  With this set up, Google can find all your different international versions, and serve the right pages in international SERPs.  With this set up people in the UK who search will see your UK pages.

You can also sniff out Googlebot-Mobile and serve your mobile pages to it, so that Google uses your mobile pages in their mobile SERPs.

I think you could use a redirect plugin for this, for example this one here.  This way you don't have to manually edit .htaccess.  Just make sure the resulting URLs are using 301 redirects.  It looks like there are a lot of plugins for this, so try a few out and see which you like the best!

As you change your URLs, keep track of the old and new URL mappings, and add those redirects to the plugin.

If you're not tagging your destination URLs in Adwords, you will need to turn on auto-tagging so that Google Analytics can track clicks from Adwords.  When you log into Adwords, click on the "My Account" tab, and choose "Preferences".  If auto-tagging is not enabled, enable it.  What this will do is when someone clicks on an ad to your site, you'll see a parameter added, called gclid.  This parameter encodes all the data that you'd normally have in your utm parameters (if you build URLs like these from here), so that Google Analytics can properly track your ad campaigns.

Also, like Chris mentions, make sure in the admin settings in Google Analytics that your account is linked to that Adwords account.

(Using example.com instead of your domain in case you want anonymity later)

If you try to go to any of these m.example.com URLs on your desktop computer, you're redirected on the server to a www.example.com URL.  I'm guessing Googlebot and Googlebot-Mobile cannot access m. pages (unless you're sniffing out Googlebot-Mobile specifically to serve it m.example.com pages).  If you're looking at screen resolution for these redirects, you might not be catching Googlebot-Mobile, as I don't think Googlebot-Mobile gives a screen resolution in its user agent.  I believe you want Googlebot indexing your www. content, and Googlebot-Mobile indexing your m. content, so you'll need to sniff out Googlebot-Mobile's user agent (see here), and redirect it to m. content.

Also of note is that I think these should be 302 temporary redirects, and not 301 permanent redirects between your www. and m. versions, as they're not really permanent, just getting a given user to the right version of the site.  Also, you don't let me switch from the mobile version to the desktop version, which drives me bananas!  Let users choose after the initial redirect.  If you allow people to switch, but maintain 301 redirects, the browsers may cache some of the redirects which will lead to weird behavior if people hit a page that redirected before.

You don't have a robots.txt file at m.example.com/robots.txt, as that redirects to www.example.com/robots.txt even on my phone.  I don't think this is the root of the problem, but once you figure things out, you can set up a robots.txt file on your m. subdomain.

I think the norm now is to not use rel=canonical when using rel=alternate hreflang tags (see here or here).  The reason being that rel=canonical is telling the search bots that only the canonical version should be included in any SERPs, and the rel=alternate markup is trying to tell it which versions should appear in which SERPs.  Ideally, you can just use the rel=alternate markup, and this will help the bots consolidate the signals properly across the various international pages.

Also, you can set a default version for each page (see here).

They don't have an advantage in quality score solely because of their big brand names.  They might have an advantage though for a few reasons:

• People like to click links to big brand names, so their ads probably have a higher CTR than the equivalent ad without a big brand name.  Higher ad CTRs result in higher quality scores.  By no means would I expect all of their keyword quality scores to be a 10.
• They have resources to have a dedicated PPC team or agency, who should be well equipped to optimize their keywords, landing pages, ad text, etc.  Then again, I would imagine they're targeting a lot more queries than you are.

By targeting niche items and queries, your ad text will likely be more specific to users queries than theirs, and hopefully you'll see a higher CTR (and quality score) that way.  Also, make sure you're taking advantage of all the different types of targeting and ad extensions that Adwords offers!

Anytime!  Happy to help.

EGOL as usual is spot on.  If you're interested in going forward, here are a few good types of campaigns to get started with that are generally high ROI:

• Remarketing (generally for display advertising, and now for search!).  This will allow you to show ads to people who visit your site, or add things to their shopping cart and don't check out.  You can link your Adwords account to Google Analytics to use your goals and events from there to make this even easier (see here).  Since they've been on your site before, you know there's some extra interest in your products.
• Product Listing Ads.  Many merchants see a good return on these if you can optimize your merchant feeds properly.  These are the ads that appear when you search for a specific product, with the tiny pictures on the search results page.
• Brand advertising.  For example, if your company Acme sells trail running shoes, if someone searches for "Acme trail running shoes", they're going to see ads above your organic listings, and you'll lose some clicks to them.  You can pretty easily get your ad to the top of the pile because your quality score will usually be a perfect 10 for these keywords.

So... if you have these set up as separate profiles, and have a profile that's just for the www.example.com subdomain, and have set up the scehdule a service action as a goal, you should be able to see this in your conversion paths report.  Go to Conversions > Multi-Channel Funnels > Top Conversion Paths.  Select "Source/Medium Path" as the Primary Dimension.  Now, if you filter by "example.com", this should show conversions that involve referrals from your subdomains (that aren't a part of that GA profile).  If you have many goals and only are interested in the schedule a service goal, then select only that goal at the top.

As is the case many times in Google Analytics, there's more than one way to skin a cat, but hopefully this works for you.