In short, no. But checkout http://www.opensiteexplorer.org with SEOmoz Pro you'll have unlimited access to it.
SEOmoz tools don't report PageRank, but they have a similar scoring method called Domain Authority (DA). Enter a URL and checkout the linking domains report, it will give you a listing of linking domains in order of DA.
It doesn't tell you whether a domain is a blog / wiki / dir etc - that would be quite difficult for a machine to understand. You can often get an idea by the domain name, or check them yourself manually.
