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Do you get any value/conversions out of that type of image referral?

If the can't 301 all the pages, then your DNS solution would work as long as you have the same pages on your version of the site. The spiders would think it's still the same subdomain and you shouldn't lose any juice.

It doesn't hurt to have them, but I don't think there is any real benefit to them anymore for the search engines.  They should be able to find all of your pages by following the regular links on your site.  That being said, I still have them on my sites.

You don't need to worry about some sort of duplicate content penalty for using the same image/filename all over your site.  This is common practice, for example, Amazon uses the same logo image file on every page of their site.

I seriously doubt you would be penalized, but Google (the algorithm) is going to know you are just duplicating product titles and not give it any weight and ignore it.  Why muck up the page for your human customers?

It might help pick up some long tail searches, but Google's good at doing the modifier substitution by itself.  I wouldn't do it, since it looks bad to a human customer using your site.

Check freelancer.com for Indian SEO firms that can get you 1000 links for $1000.  I'm kidding, don't do that.

I asked this question to Jane Copeland a few months ago and her answer was to return a 503 error code, which sends a signal that your site is temporarily unavailable to the search engines.

http://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616-sec10.html

I think business.com directory links are valuable.  Check the mozRank of the page that your link would be on and make your decision based on that.

If you are using rewriting in the web server software (like Apache), the rewritten URL is never exposed to users or search engines.  Please clarify that you are actually rewriting URLs and not just redirecting them to the canonical version.

Put it in the /blog subdirectory and your main domain authority will pass to it.  Make sure you link to the blog from your main site.  We have the same issue as you, and at first hosted on blog.domain.com but later moved to domain.com/blog based on advice from many people at SEOmoz.

To make sure the value is passed around, be sure to liberally link to and from the blog to other areas of your site.

Right, I understand all of that, but it doesn't really answer the question.  My question is regarding anchor text that INCLUDES the keyword vs anchor text that is ONLY the keyword.  So is it OK to have a high percentage of anchor text that includes the keyword (based on numbers in OSE's anchor text "terms" instead of "phrases")?

So it is OK to have a high percentage of the keyword being included in the anchor text, as long as it is not a high percentage of EXACT keyword anchor text?

At the linklove conference, many of the speakers emphasized the importance of not having too high a percentage of anchor text for your incoming links, because it looks unnatural.  I was wondering whether this applies to your keyword being in the anchor text along with other things, or just exact anchor text matches?

For example, if my keyword is widgets, is it bad to have too many of these:

Please buy widgets from Acme Corp.

or

Please buy Acme Corp widgets.

Since the content on the whitepaper would be significantly different from the content on your lead form, I wouldn't do it.  That doesn't mean it wouldn't work, it might, but I wouldn't do it.

It is often recommended by SEOmoz for eCommerce sites to 301-redirect old discontinued products back to the main category page for that product.  I think in your case, you could use a similar tactic.  That way, you could consolidate some of that lost link equity to your category page.

It's definitely a drag to have your links diluted between 2 versions of the site.  There are a few solutions you can use, but the easiest would probably be to start using the rel=canonical tag on the flash version which points back to the same or similar page on the HTML site.  That way, the engines know that the version you want indexed is the HTML version.

Are you using "home care blog" and "in home care agency locator" as the target phrases on the other pages that you are linking to? For example, are you targeting "home care" on the discussed page, and the others phrase on other pages?

If so, I'd say to ignore the link cannibalization warning.

I'd go for the 301 since you truly are targeting American customers. Be prepared for a couple month period of bad results while the 301 takes effect.