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Just remember that a canonical is a signal not a directive. Google and other search engines can choose whether or not to listen to your signal. So make sure those "duplicate" pages need to exist as they are currently. In some cases it may make more sense to either update the page with fresh, original, and relevant content or to have the page marked NoIndex depending on the situation.

I'm not 100% sure why its throwing 404s because I've never had that exact problem when doing the same thing on any sites I work on but I agree with TextMarketing on updating the canonicals. If you originally had Page 1, Page 2, and Page 3 canonicalized to Page A and now Page A has been 301'd to Page B, you should update Page 1, Page 2 and Page 3 to have their canonical tags pointing to Page B instead of the 301 page.

Only thing I think really needs adding would be image meta. Those pictures look blank to me when browsing as Googlebot so the real googlebot probably has no idea what's there.

You can canonicalize pretty much any page to any other page that you would like. If the page is a duplicate of the canon page or a subset of data/copy/info taken from the canon page's superset then Google will use the canonical as a signal to push link equity to the canon page like a 301 without the redirect part.

Strange that you can't update the header to add canonicals. Personally I'd say you should then add some written content about the products to differentiate them. Otherwise that's a pretty bare looking page to me except for all the links. Or, if you don't care about them ranking & don't want to invest in copy, NoIndex them and just let people find them through site navigation instead of search. But i'd go with the expanded copy.

I don't think that its fewer heading tags making the page rank better, I think that the pages are probably good enough that it doesn't matter there are no subheadings. From my understanding, breaking an article or blog post or page into subheadings and sub-categories by using the various header tags will help with ease of readability. Sometimes people scan the whole page prior to reading (or leaving) and want to see if there's anything to catch their interest. Having a pertinent h2, h3 or h4 could possibly get those people to stop and read a bit when they may otherwise have just left from impatience. I think too many header tags can be a bad thing though. If your page has gotten to the point where you have one h1, four h2s, 10 h3s, 27 h4s, 17 h5s.... then you may be doing it wrong.

Tag Clouds are bad. People need to stay away from them.

Make sure you don't have any useless one-off tags. Far too many people think that since Tags point to relevancy and could be useful for SEO that they should then add 15 "relevant" tags to a post. But then you've potentially created 16 duplicate pages. Tags help for relevancy by relating one post to other posts. If there's only one post in that tag page then its not helping you (UNLESS you plan on eventually adding more posts to that tag in the future).

Author page can get annoying in Wordpress but its the least of all worries concerning duplicate content. You can always lessen the problem by getting more authors. Otherwise, don't get too worried about that page.

All in One SEO Pack shouldn't be integrating poorly with wordpress and causing title issues. What it may be doing that is causing the overly long titles is that it adds on " | [insert Long Blog Name]" after the title of the article. So if you put in a long title, it then also adds in your case " | INLINEAR Digital Marketing & Brasilien Blog" which gives you about 20 characters to work with for your "optimized" title. Anything more than that will trigger the Title Too Long warning.

That sounds to me like they're holding your accounts hostage and/or telling you that your pages are being linked to as part of a linking scheme under their control which would no longer point said links to your social pages if you left them. You should definitely have them elaborate a little further on what a "Master SEO account" is because it sounds like BS.

This appears to be your problem... It looks to be part of a widget and is not immediately available as a clickable link on the page but appears in your page source and is crawlable.

ul><ul id="<a class="attribute-value">footer-col-4</a>" class="<a class="attribute-value">footer-col footer-non-spanning-col</a>"><li id="<a class="attribute-value">pp-custom-icon-14</a>" class="<a class="attribute-value">widget sc widget_pp-custom-icon</a>"><a id="<a class="attribute-value">pp-custom-icon-14</a>" href="[109,97,105,108,116,111,58,104,116,116,112,58,47,47,109,97,105,108,116,111,58,105,110,102,111,64,114,111,98,101,114,116,115,119,97,110,105,103,97,110,46,99,111,109](view-source:http://www.robertswanigan.com/happy-birthday-sara/109,97,105,108,116,111,58,104,116,116,112,58,47,47,109,97,105,108,116,111,58,105,110,102,111,64,114,111,98,101,114,116,115,119,97,110,105,103,97,110,46,99,111,109)" class="<a class="attribute-value">icon-link</a>"><span class="<a class="attribute-value">jsobf img</a>"><img src="[http://www.robertswanigan.com/wp-content/uploads/p4/images/widget_custom_image_1_1321921371.jpg](view-source:http://www.robertswanigan.com/wp-content/uploads/p4/images/widget_custom_image_1_1321921371.jpg)" class="<a class="attribute-value">pp-custom-icon</a>" width="<a class="attribute-value">170</a>" height="<a class="attribute-value">70</a>" />span>a>li>

Bulk redirects to the homepage are usually not the best thing (especially if there is relevant content elsewhere on your site). Its very possible they eventually won't pass the same level of link equity as before. Have you tried instead driving more traffic to your community page in an attempt to grow the community? Perhaps via social media or blogging?

Have the links actually harmed your site in any way? If the sites are extremely spammy, full of spun content, and/or feature only scraped content then you may not want them pointing to you... but if they haven't hurt your traffic, rankings, etc. then why remove your page or disavow the link? Google will likely just discount the links instead of pegging you with an algorithmic penalty. In the mean time, why not work on acquiring some relevant backlinks through outreach.

From my understanding when using hreflang to denote English speakers in the entirety of the European Union you wouldn't need a regional tag on there.

I.E. if you targeting English speakers in Canada it would be "en-ca" whereas targeting English speakers in the UK would be "en-gb". But when targeting English speakers in all 27 (?) EU nations at once then you would just use "en".

Depending on your theme (sometimes) you can change Tag Archives and Category pages to show a post summary instead of the full article... which can help but will not fully solve your problem.

If you could convince them to self-host instead of using WordPress's hosting then you'd be able to install an SEO related plugin that might help more to fix the problem.

Tag things less. There are a number of tags that have only 1 post associated with them. Take for instance the post from February 5th that has 8 tags, 5 of which go to Tag Archives that only have that one post on it.

Also, consider getting rid of the Tag Cloud because it just adds unnecessary and irrelevant links pointing to those Tag pages that are causing your dupe content problem and probably harming the flow of link equity through the site.

I'd keep the canonicals in place. Always double-check using multiple sources when you have the ability to do so. SEOMoz crawls and error reporting are great but there are the occasional hiccups. When I logged in and saw that I had something to the effect of 1900 new duplicate content errors showing up, I freaked out too and got worried something went horribly wrong. I looked over a random sampling of canonicals, checked that they were implemented correctly, checked with my web team to see if they made any big changes without letting me know, looked at Webmaster Tools to see what it said, and tried to find answers here in the Q&A as well.. Then I was pointed to this post on the blog http://www.seomoz.org/blog/visualizing-duplicate-web-pages.

This exact thing happened to me after SEOMoz switched to a new method for determining duplication issues a few weeks ago. After the following crawl my numbers went back to normal though. Double-check the pages against Webmaster tools to make sure they aren't actually showing as duplicates and if WMT doesn't show anything wrong then give it a week and you should see your numbers returning to normal in the next crawl report.

Which is your preferred domain URL: with WWW or without? And do you have your site set up to redirect visitors to the correct one?

I'd suggest using whichever is your preferred URL.

If the link isn't hurting you then why would you want to hurt yourself by telling Google to disavow it?

As Irving mentioned, the Disavow Links tool is a last measure not a go-to tool for every occasion. If bad links are really hurting your site then start reaching out to those other webmasters to remove the bad links (or at least nofollow them). If you've been algorithmically penalized due to bad links then you'll also need to start working on building a better, more robust link profile through outreach and try to grab some really good ones to help counteract the bad. If all works out well then offending sites will remove the bad links (hopefully without needing to pay), those links from good sites will show that you're working towards improvement and then after a refresh you'll hopefully see rankings start to bounce back. If people won't remove your links, are asking for exorbitant amounts of cash, or are flat out ignoring you... then you can consider the Disavow Links Tool.

Are you certain this link is causing a problem? If so, considering they aren't being cooperative have you looked into using the Disavow Links tool?

I get a lot of those as well. Not sure where they get their information from but they append some of the strangest things to the end of our domain URLs that isn't even vaguely based off of real pages. In their case, I leave the 404s alone as they tend to vanish in a short amount of time.

Mike Davis's answer pretty much hits it on the head. If every page is marked NoIndex,NoFollow then no one will ever find your site unless you specifically direct them to it or they know it exists already... which means you're missing out on a large potential customer base from organic traffic that won't ever be able to find you.

Hell, even those content updates won't matter because the search engines aren't going to care about it (since you told them not to index it) and won't be able to see newer content deeper into the site (since you told it not to follow anything on the page).