Your problem is that your partners are more popular than you are. Let's say you write an article on rodeo clowns. It's picked up by 5 newspapers. Google now has 6 copies and has to pick between sites. So which wins? The most popular site. A newspaper site is going to be a natural link attractant as people cross-link stories on blogs and forums all the time. I would get your newspaper pals to link back to you in their attribution.
As to your question about the listing pages, I wouldn't worry about that, especially if you write new content all the time. Yes, the title tags are the same but, if I'm looking for the aforementioned rodeo clown article, I don't want a listing page anyways, I want the relevant content. I am, of course, assuming your actual content pages have relevant title tags already. You could canonical them, I suppose, but that's more for duplicate content, not duplicate titles. Don't exclude these pages from crawling, however. You'll find your new content might not be found, especially if it falls off the front page quickly.
Remember, SEOMOZ exists to let you know about potential problems. It's not a gospel report, where you have to fix EVERYTHING or never rank well. It's a good starting point and it's up to you to figure out what to do with that information.