Hi Renia,
I'm not sure what they mean when they say "I wonder if MOZ is not reading the infinite scrolling pages the way that Google does"...
Pagination (rel="next" and rel="prev") and canonical tags are not in place so each page is being indexed individually, and would be causing some issues, as Moz reports. Without these tags in place, Google will not understand that the pages are a series, as your web team suggests.
You can see that they are indexed by doing a Google search for site:https://www.whiteheadindustrial.com/c-104-abrasives.aspx
Or site:whiteheadindustrial.com inurl:pagenum to see that there are over 2,000 in total of these pages indexed.
You could easily overcome this issue by getting the developers to implement pagination and canonical tags on these types of pages.
Your second issue, I think, will always be reported as duplicates in Moz because they use the same overall page template (which is taken into consideration when assessing duplicate content) and there is little unique content on them - this is common on e-commerce sites when there isn't much product information available or products are very similar.
However, I don't think you need to worry about this too much. Google is pretty generous when it comes to product pages like this and you shouldn't be negatively impacted by it.
Your third issue with title tags should be resolved once pagination and canonical tags are implemented correctly throughout the site.
Hope this helps 
Cheers,
David