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The existing links could themselves lose MozRank, which would mean a lower MozRank score to the site that they linked to. Most sites will decrease in MozRank over time in the absence of new links being built.

If you've been running your site for a while, I would recommend against changing your URL structure as 301s do result in some loss of link value, and you will likely see your rankings drop. The URLs you have now aren't bad, so I would focus on higher value activities such as link building. Ultimately, Google weighs offsite factors more highly than a few on-site tweaks.

Well sometimes you want an image to be a link to a different page, or you can link the image to itself in case someone wants to download on it. If you don't want people clicking on your images and being taken to another page, it can just be left blank.

Like Jesse says, you don't have to worry about it too much unless you suspect people are intentionally spamming you. It may be worth it to pull a weekly report of backlinks, and filter by things like DA and anchor text to see if there are any alarming trends, but otherwise I wouldn't worry about it if you have a solid backlink profile. Most large sites accrue tons of spammy links naturally.

It depends on how often your site gets crawled and indexed, which depends on your PageRank as well as how often Google has seen your site updated in the past. If you can get a link or two pointing to the old URL, that will get Google to crawl it quicker and update the link.

Where are you putting the redirect? The following code should work in your .htaccess file, regardless of the special character:

redirect 301 /blueberry_pie.htm http://www.example.com/new-url.htm

How do you know that you've been "penalized"? If it's Penguin penalty, avoid using exact keyword match anchors when linking between your domains. And diversify your link profile by building more external links.

That is a weird quirk of Wordpress. It's a poor design on their choice, but it does cost you a little bit of link juice since 302 redirects don't pass link value.

It's not a huge deal, but if you want to fix it you can update the code in wp-trackback.php. Just change the following line:

wp_redirect(get_permalink($tb_id));

to:

wp_redirect(get_permalink($tb_id),301);

That'll change the 302 redirect to a 301.

Can you clarify your question? You can pretty much add static content wherever you want by editing your theme files in Appearance -> Editor.

One thing to watch out for is personalization, because that can skew rankings a lot. Make sure you are logged out of your Google account and using a private browsing window (cookies can skew the results) to get the best results.

Besides that, rankings do fluctuate from time to time as Google tweaks their algorithm. Rankings can even be different from location to location or person to person. Next time, I would double check the results on multiple computers before making any rankings claim. Use a 3rd party tool like Moz to confirm your rankings and show proof that your site is actually ranking where you think it's ranking.

It looks like most of the content on your site is duplicate content. That's your biggest problem. Google doesn't like duplicate content, so if you want to rank, you're going to have to create content that is unique to your site.

Reducing the number of links you have on the page can help, and will probably be a better user experience. No use overwhelming the user or confusing the search spiders with tons of links.

Finally, do not nofollow your internal pages. This will not preserve page rank, it only results in link juice evaporation.

It is still an SEO best practice to use the exact match keyword on your page.

What Matt is talking about in the article is keyword stuffing, which is overusing a keyword on a page in an unnatural way, which can get you penalized. Including 2-3 mentions of your keyword on your page will help not hurt you and can help increase the relevance of the page in Google's eyes.

Google won't actively penalize you for owning multiple domains, unless you are going out of your way to be spammy about it. However, you will need a lot more resources in terms of link building, social media promotion, content production, etc.

In general, the best practice from an SEO perspective is to have a single site with the all the content living in subdirectories of the domain. Subdomains are considered in many cases to be separate sites, so you would run into the same issues as having multiple domains.

Do the two URLs contain the same content on them? Google (and other crawlers) will often treat URLs with query parameters (anything after the question mark) as separate URLs. If that's the case, make sure there is a canonical tag in place in the header, to let Google know what the proper URL for the content should be.

Nope, that's perfectly fine since that's your login page for Wordpress.

If you're linking to the page from anywhere on your site (which you really shouldn't be), you could update the meta robots tag to (noindex, FOLLOW), but since it looks like the page has no links, it shouldn't be necessary.

Google's Matt Cutts recently responded to a similar question. Basically, Google does not generally penalize sites for having duplicate content unless they're being spammy about it. However, Google will only show one version of the same content to searchers. So your sites won't be penalized, but Google isn't going to show the US, UK, and Australia sites in the same SERPs for the same query for the same content. The geo targeting should also help.

http://searchengineland.com/googles-matt-cutts-duplicate-content-wont-hurt-you-unless-it-is-spammy-167459

If you are talking about using a cookie-free subdomain, that can definitely have an impact on site speed:

http://developer.yahoo.com/performance/rules.html#cookie_free

Just using a subdomain won't have any benefit, and may even slow things down. Using a CDN for images and other components is usually the quickest and easiest solution for most sites.

If someone is searching for your contact info, you definitely want these pages to rank. If they are showing up in your sitelinks and you don't want them there, you can remove them in Google Webmaster Tools.

Yes, you should be fine in that case. Google is not going to penalize you.

Just make sure they're linking to your most important pages, and the link equity should flow to them. Otherwise I wouldn't worry about it.