You should read Google's Search Quality Evaluator Guidelines. This document includes details of what they call E-A-T (Expertise, Authority, Trustworthiness). It's a long read and relatively dry, but there is some really good material in there that will help you better understand how Google evaluates a page. DA and PA are much simpler metrics than what Google actually uses in their algorithm, they're meant to help you make decisions and gauge competition, but these numbers are not provided by or used by Google.
And for what it's worth, I've seen countless instances of sites with great content and no links outrank mediocre content with a decent link profile. As Google gets more advanced in their ability to understand the content (using NLP), searcher intent, and engagement signals, links become less and less important.