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First of all, I was just browsing and I got blocked as bot see below:

http://imgur.com/HoKqh97

I would remove that cloaking.

Second, understanding your visitors behavior is one of the most complex task, you don't know your user behavior until you run a lot of test, survey and so on...

I am not sure the blog is the problem, if I search with a query containing the title of that article: https://www.google.it/webhp?q=antarctica+photography+safari

I can find it as third result. Which keywords are you after? Because if I narrow the search to just antartica+photography things change.

If I look at the keyword density in that article (like just using this tootl http://tools.seobook.com/general/keyword-density/), I get the impression without going black hat or irritate google copy could be a little bit more keyword focused.

The body is 900 words which is not so bad. But if I query for antarctica+photography competitors have a much larger copy and a probably better structure (headings are not just dates but do feed keywords to crawler).

Have you run a report on semrush for the domain? http://imgur.com/1pJ3G1i 229 positions is not much. Expecially given the 243 backlinks, which is not bad either: http://imgur.com/cuIwiLa

I would try to improve the copy of the articles, check the html in more depth, and review the backlinks profile for all the usual things (link quality, anchor diversity, deep linking, etc..).

In addition to the good things said by others

check your backlink profile versus your competitors, probably they are getting more backlinks or more authoritative ones, or maybe your old backlinks are poor quality and dropping in value,

check your backlink profile for anchor diversity and cross check with your competitors

are you having traffic drops? Maybe not overall, but hidden in some traffic segments? are those drops linked to a dropping ranking for some keywords? If so why? Increasing competition? Due to some backlink related issues? See above.

is your content quality dropping compared to your competitors? are you serving pages with thin content and your competitors are offering better content? Less duplicate? More targeted?

i could go on, but this is at least where I would start my homework

Is the content staying the same?

If the content is staying the same, and just the url structure is changing, and if the new url structure is not depriving the url of the relevant keyword for the page content...

If all these conditions are satisfied, in my experience moving few websites, replacing only the url structure (theoretically improving it), nothing changed, I mean I didn't experience any traffic being lost in GWT or analytics, I didn't even notice any unusual fluctuation.

Of course keep in minds the traffic is moving, from the old urls to the new ones, so depending on your report and your new url structure you will see it in different places.

It's normal.

Google as a crawl budget.

Once your website is indexed (sitemap submission) the crawler visits your website daily and depending on a number of factors does crawl a portion of your website only, a different yet somehow overlapping portion, everyday. It usually crawl every single page within few weeks but I have seen the crawler stubbornly refuse to crawl certain pages for longer.

A small website with just 100 pages it's unlikely to hit any crawl budget.

When it comes to fresh content, new pages, it's more hungry, google crawler likes fresh food, and google algo tries to index fresh content as soon as possible.

So what's happening to your website is perfectly normal.

What's the background of your conclusion? What's the logic?

I am asking because my understanding about crawl budget is that if you waste it you risk to 1) slow down recrawl frequency on a per page basis and 2) risk google crawler gives up crawling the website before to have crawled all pages.

Are you splitting your sitemap into sub sitemaps? That's a good way to spot groups/categories of pages being ignored by google crawler.

What impact? I am not sure I understand the question.

I would be surprised.

Google knows a lot, but not everything. Unless GA tracking code is installed google shall not know about things such a user click.

If they were passing page juices only for clicked backlink they would be ruling out a too big chunk of the web. It doesn't sound logic to me.

Also it doesn't sound realistic to analyze all users click in the world when refreshing google index, they do have a lot of metal, but not that much.

In GWT (Crawl->Crawl Stats) you can find "Time spent downloading a page (in milliseconds)", that's really TTFB.

I have seen few times a correlation between an improvement in TTFB and ranking. So I am convinced TTFB matters a lot.

PageSpeed is a different story, it does analyze a lot more speed factors, mostly client side. It does analyze TTFB too called "Server Response Time" in Page Speed. How these factors impact ranking I don't know. Some like "mobility issues" are officially getting you out of mobile idex if not fixed.

Some of PageSpeed suggestions are even controversial and debated in google own products forum (like suggestions to inline styles and javascripts).

Personally I try to fix as many PageSpeed suggestions as possible, but applying some common sense too. While I always religiously try to lower TTFB as much as possible.

Test using the appropriate tool: https://developers.google.com/structured-data/testing-tool/

I tried with the first url you posted and breadcrumbs are there.

Nope.

Translated, you want to lead the menu through ajax after page load, which is fine.

As long as you are not trying to cheat google bot.

While developing that new website with angularjs you need to keep in mind SEO and what crawlers do.

Put it in a simple way, you should always render the page server side at first load in a crawler friendly way, and use angular client side for UX.

To use AJAX to load content is bad for seo no matter what js framework/library you use, from old jquery to angular or react it's always the same story, don't load SEO valuable content through ajax, or crawlers will likely totally ignore it.

So, secure you are giving visitors and crawlers valuable SEO content right away on first load, server side, and use angular to manipulate it according to user actions.

And while doing that, don't be tempted to cloak, or google axe will hit you.

I have been developing websites using angularjs for years now, and always got great SEO results.

Good luck.