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Try using Screaming Frog. If you have less than 500 URLs on your site (or at least want to start with 500), it's free. Otherwise, it's about $150/yr for unlimited.

Enter your domain, and it crawls your site like Google. Each link/page crawled can show internal and external links and/or you can select  the "external" tab option and see what external sites are linking to your site in general.

Google "Screaming Frog crawler" to get more info on the tool. It's one of my favorite ways to get information on the performance of my site.

Apparently yes and it's supposedly not widely available (they probably want to find a way to make money off of it).

This deck is a bit out of date (pre-timeline) but there's some info on it. http://www.slideshare.net/steph_king/facebook-parent-child-model

Keep in mind that many, many niche sites have this same problem. I mean, there's only so many ways to write compelling content on a very technical subject, right? Images, studies, videos, articles, quotes, news releases - all sources for a way to freshen up what you are "borrowing" from the larger organization's site.

And given that Flash is on the way out, either they change now or they are going to be hosed later

I agree with Jason and will raise one other consideration: give them a reason to care about the page beyond it being a good cause. Donating is nice, seeing some content is nice, but neither necessarily will catch someone's attention. Can you set up something where people can post to win a chance to have a chat with one of the celebrities? Is there some sort of contest or something you can promote? Think of something unique that will drive the conversations and want people to check the page and engage.

I, personally, have stopped liking most pages because I don't get much reason to actually engage, unless I have a situation I need to address (like, customer service). I want to see a unique opportunity, just because I donated to  a cause doesn't mean I want to read their status updates because sharing news doesn't equal engagement.

Just something to think about to get some "hooks" for the audience.

And, if you are interested, here's a nice blog on it: http://www.seomoz.org/blog/301-redirect-or-relcanonical-which-one-should-you-use

Trying to hide things from Google is not the way to handle any issue. They don't like it and it can come back to bite you in a big way.

While some of your content may be similar to other websites, that's the same issue any website has - we have that problem with competitors having similar content about our products.

Unless you are trying to rank for those pages, for which you'd need to take on a different type of project to rank well and drive traffic, as long as you have other unique content on your site that appeals to users (and Google) it shouldn't be much of an issue.

Here's a way you can try: http://scalablesocialmedia.com/2013/02/recover-facebook-page/

As someone going through something similar right now, I'm going to throw out there to tread lightly. I got some great advice on setting things up, but the domain mapping with Wordpress has been a nightmare. Nothing wants to point correctly, or domain map, in the way that it should in theory.

My lesson is to test everything out first, and try the mapping and pointing before doing anything else.

Exactly. And, the technical build of the site can help reduce duplicate content issues, even if there international SEO for the same language (think: US English vs UK English).

Here's some great articles on this:http://blog.hubspot.com/blog/tabid/6307/bid/33358/9-Ways-to-Completely-Sabotage-Your-Global-SEO-Strategy.aspx,  http://www.seomoz.org/blog/international-seo-dropping-the-information-dust, http://searchengineland.com/11-considerations-for-international-seo-117798

I think that if you can't naturally get likes and have to ask for them, then there's bigger business issues to address. But given that they can't make a value proposition as to why I should like their page, I don't expect these people to be smart marketers.

And, if they are already indexed, you have to wait for them to be recrawled, then fall out of index, so it's not an immediate thing. Sometimes it takes days, sometimes weeks.

We have a "mega menu" that also has a lot, lot of links as part of the drop down. I agree with ThreeDesign - the user experience is very questionable (which is why we are moving from that format). I don't know how much those thing "hurt" SEO anymore - it used to matter but the popular opinion has trended away from it. However it's not a best practice by any stretch so the question is what's the value and is it worth it?

I feel like there could be conflicting answers on this one Social sharing has been such a popular thing to push for, more I think conceptually than for reality. Very few pages within a site do well with sharing - it's just usually not the type of info users want to share (no matter what marketers want to believe or what industry experts want to tell us).

The proof is in the numbers - so start there. Are people sharing your content? If they aren't, then what have you lost by removing it? (And I realize you kinda answered this question for yourself.) I'm of the belief that it works best on pages where there's content worth sharing - news, white papers, contests, etc. - if your system allows for specifics like that. And if the change with the social sharing overall will improve the user experience (like with load time), then is that a better trade off?

Since websites can have such different CRMs/platforms/coding, there's many things (I think ) that can play into performance or issues. Like, you resubmitted that trade show page and it may have jumped because Google hadn't crawled it in a long time, vs. because the social sharing changes. Just a possibility.

Contact SEOMoz help; their team is very responsive and great to work with and they'll need to see what the "hiccup" is on their end in order for you to get an answer. help@seomoz.org

Well, if this work you are doing is relatively recent, it can take time to get rankings. Especially if you have limited inbound links - it's not easy for people to find you. So what else are you doing besides SEO to get the word out about your site - blogs? Inbound marketing? What are you doing to drive traffic?

It seems like you may be keyword stuffing "Malta" and "Malta hotels" to the point where it seems spammy - this is a bad thing. It doesn't read naturally for the user. Your main page and why Malta pages also have similar page titles - you may want to tweak that; your main page title tag is really stuffed. And, keep this in mind: http://www.searchenginejournal.com/your-guide-to-googles-emd-algorithm-update/49915/

Just a few initial thoughts.

How this is done will determine if Google is OK with it and it's debatable because there is opportunity to get yourself into a pinch.  To get to your primary question, yes, most likely, assuming you are covering some of the same keywords and industries, you will be competing against yourself for rankings (and possibly confuse your audience).

Multiple sites for one company or brand work best when there's better differentiation between them; for example, Honda has a site for cars and powersports, but a different one for financing. However, Ford pretty much rolls everything under one. So, again, the outcomes will be based on how you do it and what it means for the customer experience.

As for registration, we own a lot of domains and it's never been a problem.

While this is a direction I'd never advocate for, in your case, you don't mention why you want to go down this route, so I don't want to guess at your strategy and goals.

This article has some good details on risks especially in the comments ("Is Google OK with this?": http://www.seomoz.org/ugc/uncover-competitors-using-multiple-sites-for-multiple-first-page-rankings).

Thanks for confirming!

The assumptions of what to expect from using robots.txt may not be in line with the realities. Crawling a page isn't the same thing as indexing the content to appear in SERPs and even with robots, your pages can be crawled.

http://www.seomoz.org/blog/serious-robotstxt-misuse-high-impact-solutions

I've had some problems lately with things taking excessively long, too. Generally nothing should take that long. I had one campaign report crawling for 10 days. It's so individualized - I suggested contacting the help team. They can hit whatever trigger or check with engineering (if needed) to get it squared away.