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I had heard it was 733, and that final one is the secret!
Do you want to share an example article here, or PM me a link over? Without seeing one, I don't know what you do an don't have in there. For example something as simple as a correct / acceptable news layout, cited sources to back the article up, etc.
-Andy
If it falls as a part of the quote then yes, I would certainly add that in for them. Could be a worthwhile payoff for you - and them 
Example of what they would like to do
That would be a no-no Shawn. If you are running over SSL, then you need to canonical back to the https version of the page. If you don't, you will end up with errors on the page (yellow warning triangle) and trust issues with Google. What they would like to do is canonical to a malformed URL which it could interpret as a file.
Try going to any URL and just entering it as //www.domain.com
-Andy
A little known, and highly valuable service, called Feedback Army.
I have used them on many occasions and you can set questions for live site users to complete actions on your site and give you an answer. It is the most accurate way to get live feedback from real individuals - and they come back with some startling insights.
It's so cheap, everyone should give them a go
Edit- Let me just add, this is cheap, but far from a worthless service. Amazing value for money, but do remember it is user testing, not an in-depth report. The key to this is asking the right questions.
-Andy
First of all, a subdomain structure has no negative effect on the SEO or that page, or a complete site, but it has to be done right. However, there are many factors that could come into play here, such as "what would Google think if they did a manual review of the site and subdomains?"
If your feeling is that they look like very obvious attempts at SEO, then yes, do something about it, but using subdomains is sometimes necessary. I use about 8 subdomains for my site, but that is because I use a single page design so I am limited in my options.
That said, I have some great rankings for these, with many 1st page and top 3-4. This is because I can create a site (subdomain) that is very highly targeted.
Not many will take this route for SEO though - there generally isn't the need. You can normally do just as good a job with a normal site structure.
-Andy
Hi,
It will eventually drop out if it is returning a 404 or you could always use the page removal tool in Webmaster Tools?
-Andy
If you haven't already done so Curt, setup a Google+ account, setup authorship through your site and G+ and start sharing your content. You can find it is indexed with results much faster
I have had content in the SERPs in a matter of days using this method - days of the 'sandbox' are all but history.
Andy
I don't want to sound negative, but do wait another day or two, just to make sure Google isn't doing some sort of reclassification or something similar.
If everything is still there in a couple of days, then you may have a win on your hands, but it won't be a Penguin refresh doing this. You may find that another algorithm has run that tips the scales in your favour.
-Andy
They have a pretty good FAQ, but you want to be asking questions relevant to site satisfaction and ease of use. What's the aim of the site? Can you find this product easily using just the search box? What message is your eye drawn to first?
Those sorts of things
-Andy
I love doing audits as they allow you to see the things that don't work, and the things that need work.
When an audit is completed, you end up with a very clear roadmap of what you need to do in order to correct issues. Jane and Donna have both covered pretty much all of the points.
What I particularly like, is finding those areas that might otherwise go unchecked and only performing an audit will reveal them. I end up with a long list of checks, and as I go through them, they pass or fail. If they fail, how can they be corrected.
OK, they can end up very long, but I still see them as one of the most comprehensive studies any site owner can have completed.
-Andy
Hi Ash,
There are a few things you could do here, but you don't need to look at redirecting to fix this.
If you don't really need Google to index the category page, you could always 'noindex / follow' it and then concentrate on the more targeted inner pages. SEO these for longer tail key-phrases if you find the they are not ranking too well at the moment, but don't keep changing these too often as this will send the wrong signals to Google.
-Andy
Hi Eva,
Like Google, it can take time for your site to be accepted into the index for the first time. There are also a lot of other reasons why this could be happening, but rather than try to go through them all here, have a read of this exact question over at Bing http://www.bing.com/webmaster/help/why-is-my-site-not-in-the-index-2141dfab
Hopefully that will be of use.
-Andy
Hi Deedra,
It isn't about SEO per se, but if your client are trying too hard and then along comes a number of other clients, one who seemingly does no SEO at all, then you would have to look at both their content and backlinks. If someone is writing content (or has content) that Google sees as more reputable, then this could easily be part of their success.
If they are sharing externally, or via social channels, this could also be having a big positive push for them.
Our client is even spending money in Adwords and their competition isn't
This will have no impact on SEO at all.
Make sure that any link building you are doing is from good sources - make sure all content is amazing and better than others - make sure there is enough for other to want to share them through Social Media.
-Andy
A common one here is to look at the images on your site and make sure no-one is referencing them on their own site. This can increase hits to a site.
Does going through Google Analytics throw up any suggestions?
-Andy
Hi Dylan,
When you upload a sitemap, you get the option to state which one, and the location. If you were to upload your own and then point to it, this should be fine. Just remember to either remove the auto-generated one and never add it.
Are you able to add to the robots file? If so, you can point to your site map in there too. However, if this is already in, don't add your own otherwise Google will see two and inconsistencies will occur.
Are they unwilling to turn this off for you?
-Andy
Hi Deborah,
I would be tempted to steer clear of option 2 and do what makes sense to Google (and visitors) and set the canonical tag to the city pages. You would only get the same amount of link juice passing for a canonical as you would for a 301, but this probably wouldn't make an awful lot of difference.
Option 1 is the logical implementation.
-Andy
Hi Rasmus,
From what I can see, this only appears to affect your blog section and blog posts? Perhaps articles too?
I'm not sure what is powering your blog, but if it is Wordpress, or similar, then there is a setting where you can title your blog - this is normally your blog name and tends to get filled in when setting up and then forgotten. This problem then arises when you title a page and even though you haven't added the blog name in, it will be added automatically.
Does that make sense?
-Andy
Without actually looking at both sites, it is impossible to say why. It could be something or nothing. It could be just one link or over optimisation on your site?
I would do some digging and see what you come up with.
-Andy
Sorry for just copy and pasting this. Here are suggestions for what to do if there is no site change possible:
If your new site doesn't appear in the Select a site list, check the following:
-Andy
Hi Dylan,
I haven't worked much with the technical side of Shopify, so wasn't aware of this. Very prohibitive though.
I hope you can get this sorted OK.
-Andy