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Hi Andre! I wish I knew more about Local SEO in Germany, but your screenshot looks like the new-ish 3-Pack that Google rolled out in the US last winter to replace their Carousel results. See coverage of this here: http://searchengineland.com/google-axes-carousel-new-local-3-pack-208710 For hotels, restaurants and other hospitality/entertainment searches, Google had rolled out the Carousel in the summer of 2013, but this has been replaced by these results. Naming conventions have been kind of scattered. You'll hear terms like 3-pack, snack pack, local stack, hamburger pack. I think it's just easiest to call it a 3-pack. I'm not sure when these 3-packs rolled out in Germany, but this is likely what you are seeing. The upshot is that it has just become harder than ever to compete when Google is only awarding pack status to only 3 businesses!

FYI, "Google prefers microdata for web content." This was taken directly from their site at https://support.google.com/webmasters/answer/3069489?hl=en "Google is in the process of adding JSON-LD support to more markup-powered features. So far, JSON-LD is supported for all Knowledge Graph features, sitelink search boxes, and Event Rich Snippets; Google recommends the use of JSON-LD for those features. For the remaining Rich Snippets types and breadcrumbs, Google recommends the use of microdata or RDFa." From https://developers.google.com/structured-data/schema-org

Thank you very much for all your answers. i think its because the Google-Places-Account and the Google+-Page are on different Google-Accounts. I try to connect them both. Many thanks!!!