Can anyone please explain the real difference between backlinks, 301 links, and redirect links?which one is better to rank a website? i am looking for the help for one of my website

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Can anyone please explain the real difference between backlinks,  301 links, and redirect links? which one is better to rank a website?  I am looking for help for one of my website vacuum cleaners

[Advanced-Air-Ambulance]

• A backlink is when someone posts a link to your website on another website. A search engine catalogs theses and uses them as an indicator of your website's popularity and legitimacy. The more popular and legitimate the website that linked to you, the more legitimate you seem in the search engine's eyes.
• A 301 and redirect link are one and the same. When you use the internet and navigate to an address (like google.com for example) the computers talk to each other before the website is displayed. A key communication between them is HTTP Status Codes. You may already be familiar one of them: 404 (Page Not Found!). 301 (permanent redirect: page has moved permanently) and 302 (temporary redirect: page has moved temporarily) are types of this code. They indicate the computer that the page has moved, and that you will be redirected. When search engines find a page that has been moved with a redirect link, they will take that legitimacy built with the backlinks and apply it to the new page. For example, you have a domain called GoodVacuumCleaners.com and you want to move to BestVacuumCleanersEver.com. You will move the website to the new domain and set the old domain with a redirect link (301) so you can move your search rankings juice to the new domain.