Self Directing Canonical Tags
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Canonical tags are used to let Google know which version of two identical/very similar pages to index.
Even if you don't think you have duplicate pages, sometimes you may have duplicates because of parameters or letter case.
They are also helpful if someone scrapes your content and brings the canonical along with it—Google will know where the original is.
So it's good to do this, but just having canonicals on a page will not improve ranking by themselves.