It is beneficial to use a number of tools to create a picture of where you are, and what your next steps/ goals should be. I would say this is a good process to go through if you are looking to build a to-do list:
Webmaster Tools. This is just good practice to check first if you are checking weekly or monthly.
- Ensure your site is indexing properly, and there are no crawl errors. Your site visibility here is a key indicator whether something has dropped or increased. Also, you need to be on your toes in case you receive a dreaded link warning message.
Google Analytics. The key metrics most people look for here are:
- Traffic
- Bounce Rate
- Time on Page/ Site
- Conversions (if you have any set up)
- Channels
These metrics are your basic indicators of how your website is performing without getting too involved. It is important to know if traffic has increased or decreased, if so where from. Then you can start investigating the why.
Ranking tracker. There are many of these out there, Moz included, and some are better than ever.
- Keywords are the main goal of search. Firstly, having the right keywords for your business, that attract the most searches and generate the best ROI.
Again, find out what's up or down, then investigate the why.
That would be my basic steps if I was monitoring my SEO on a restricted timescale. Once you have your metrics it is time to write some actions to influence them.
Here are some questions I would ask:
- Traffic up/ down? If so what channel is the cause?
- Am I maintaining a steady bounce rate? If not, has something changed with my on-page experience, or is it misleading meta data or perhaps misleading links.
- What keywords are performing or failing? If performing, how can we reinforce what we are doing well with that keyword. If failing I would look at competitors first (Moz, or Searchmetrics are my preferred choice). If so what are they doing better than you? If not, has there been any search algorithm changes that have altered your site optimization (or links if it is Penguin season).
SEO really is a full-time job when it is done correctly. There are a million things you could occupy your day with, but if you are working with limited time, I would focus on the above basics. Then it is a case of building good content whenever you can around monitoring, and putting out fires.
Hope this helps!