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You could use this extensive guide: http://moz.com/blog/how-to-perform-the-worlds-greatest-seo-audit If after this guide you still have questions let me know and i would be happy to help you with that

Are you looking for domains that link to the root domain golffacility.com? If so, be sure to filter for "pages on this root domain" in the linking domains report. Here's the link: http://www.opensiteexplorer.org/domains?page=1&site=golffacility.com&sort=domain_authority&target=domain ...which shows over 600 linking domains. Or individual links here: http://www.opensiteexplorer.org/links?page=1&site=golffacility.com&sort=page_authority&filter=&source=&target=domain&group=0 Now, OSE will only show you up to 25 links from each domain. We've found that beyond this number, the value of each new link you find doesn't add much value. (often these are caused by sitewide links) By comparison, if you search ahrefs for links to just the homepage, they list 14 links, consistent with OSE: https://ahrefs.com/site-explorer/refdomains/exact/golffacility.com

5600 pages with local pages in almost every city across the US If you find a smart person the first things that they will do are.... -- look at those 5600 pages to see if they are cookie cutter, duplicate content, or thin content -- then they will check for adequate linkjuice to index 5600 pages, hold them in the index, make them competitive You can check some of that yourself.

That depends on how much you are paying for CPM for Fetchback and how much Fetchback increases your traffic or conversion goals if you are measuring revenue, what the total revenue increase is, and if that offsets your cost Does the return from Fetchback warrant the cost, or would some other marketing/remarketing program give you a higher return? I'd suggest testing it out to see if it increases your 45% Return traffic. What would you consider an acceptable or successful rate of increase? 50%? 60%? Figure that out and measure the performance of Fetchback against that metric. In another vein, is it possible to create sophisticated rules for your Remarketing on Fetchback? Perhaps you can create a set of rules where Fetchback only displays ads to your 1 time visitors who have not been back in X amount of days, or something similar.

I find it really odd that a question like this has gotten no answers...is my question that difficult...or does no one have issues getting deep pages to rank well...or is my question really that silly?

you need to fix it. it's likely not drawing a penalty or anything severe, but cleaning up will certainly help concentrate your pagerank and rid of any dilution and confusion. you should treat each page to a canonical tag referencing the non parametered url. you can also use google webmaster tools to tell google to ignore the top= parameter, but the canonical tag is your best option.